Rust Datatypes

All variables in Rust are by default immutable
Constant are declared using const and must be type annotated manually
Default Integer Type: i32

Shadowing enables reuse of variables with different values and datatypes without making the variable mutable

fn main() {
	let x = 5;
	println!("Value of x: {}", x);
	
	let x = "David";
	println!("Value of x: {}", x);
}

Rust has two types of strings: String and &str
String is stored in heap memory and can be mutated

&str (String Slice) is used to view into a string. It has fixed size
String literals are also denoted using slices. Literals are saved directly in the binary file

Compound Datatypes

Tuples and Arrays are both fixed length
Tuples can contain values of multiple datatypes

{:?} and {:#?} are print statements used for debugging

let tuple = ("David", 25, "Data Engineer");
println!("Tuple Index 2 Value: {}", tuple.2);
 
let array = [1, 2, 3, 4];
println!("Array Index 1 Value: {}", array[1]);
 
// Array of Size 8 with all values initialized to 0
let array2 = [0; 8];
println!("{:?}", array2);